Discover the best PCB testing methods—compare ICT, Flying Probe, AOI, FCT, costs, coverage, and when to use each. Clear guide for engineers & buyers.

Discover how Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) enhances quality, reduces defects, and supports smart manufacturing in PCB production. Learn about AOI technology, 2D vs 3D systems, key benefits, ROI, and future trends in electronics inspection.

Discover what Solder Paste Inspection (SPI) is, how 3D SPI outperforms 2D systems, and why it’s essential for boosting SMT yield, reducing defects, and enabling smart factory integration.

Discover how Functional Circuit Testing (FCT) ensures your PCB works before deployment. Learn its benefits, how it compares to ICT and AOI, key equipment, real-world use cases, and best practices for reliable, defect-free electronics.

Introduction Whether you’re a DIY electronics hobbyist assembling your first project or a manufacturing engineer overseeing large-scale production, one principle remains constant—every PCB must be tested. Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the backbone of virtually all modern electronics, and even the slightest defect—like a solder bridge, broken trace, or misaligned component—can lead to product failure, […]

Flying Probe Testing (FPT) is a type of ICT that uses moving probes instead of a fixed test fixture. It’s widely used for prototypes, new product introduction (NPI), and low-volume PCB assembly, offering fast setup and high test coverage without the need for a custom test jig.

Discover the most common testing methods in SMT surface mount technology (SMT test) processing, including AOI, X-ray, SPI, ICT, and more. Learn how these inspections ensure PCB assembly quality and product reliability.