Learn how to assemble prototype PCBs using manual tools and low-volume techniques. This practical guide covers soldering tips, desktop equipment recommendations, and step-by-step workflows to help engineers and makers build and validate boards quickly and cost-effectively.

SMT (Surface Mount Technology) is a widely used method for mounting components directly onto PCB surfaces. This guide provides an overview of SMT's process, benefits, and common challenges in modern electronics manufacturing.

Discover when to use wave soldering vs selective soldering for THT assemblies. Learn the key differences, pros and cons, cost considerations, and design rules to choose the most efficient, high-quality process for your PCB projects. Ideal for process engineers and project evaluators seeking practical, data-driven guidance.

Learn how to optimize your reflow soldering temperature profile for leaded and lead-free SMT assembly. This guide covers preheat rates, TAL, cooling, defect prevention, and profiling techniques like PWI and DOE for high-reliability PCB production.

Introduction PCB assembly (PCBA) is the process of mounting electronic components onto a bare printed circuit board to create a functional hardware system. By integrating both surface-mount (SMT) and through-hole (THT) components onto a fabricated board, PCBA transforms raw materials into functional circuits ready for testing, deployment, or enclosure. Whether it's a medical sensor, industrial […]

Introduction Surface-mount technology (SMT) assembly—often called SMT PCB assembly or surface-mount PCB assembly—has become the foundation of modern electronics manufacturing. By placing miniature surface-mount devices (SMDs) directly onto copper pads, SMT enables lighter, faster and more reliable circuits than the through-hole methods of the past. From smartphones and wearables to industrial automation and EV power […]

Introduction What Is PCB Assembly (PCBA)? PCB Assembly, or PCBA, is the critical process that transforms a bare printed circuit board into a fully functional electronic module. By precisely soldering components—resistors, capacitors, ICs, connectors—onto copper-clad substrates, PCBA brings circuitry to life. Unlike a fabricated PCB, which provides only the board’s physical structure and copper traces, […]